The Geographic Information System (GIS) is a computerized system that captures, stores and displays data based on positions on the Earth's surface.
GIS can be used in the preliminary geotechnical investigation to develop a site plan or model, and plan site activities. As further information is gathered, the site plan is modified by integrating the data into the existing model.
GIS is also capable of linking maps and photos directly to data that describe their features and allows for data to be searched and analyzed spatially.
For trenchless pipeline installation projects that pass through territory that is difficult to be surveilled by other means, GIS can be a great asset.
GIS can be used in different ways for preliminary geotechnical site investigation: data integration, data visualization, analysis, planning, and summarizing site activities and data presentation.
GIS also allows project-specific data such as CAD files, survey points, and site reconnaissance photos to be integrated with preexisting data.
Tools built into the GIS program allows the integrated data to be displayed, manipulated and analyzed. GIS can also be used for creating maps and figures for use in reports for use by site engineers.
It also allows layers of data to be combined and removed at convenience from a base map by turning layers on and off.